Advances in Food Technology and Nutritional Sciences · Vol. 1, No. 4 · 2015 · pp. 76–81 · e-ISSN 2377-8350

Impact of Dietary Oxidized Lipids on Energy Metabolism

Marc Pignitter, Veronika Somoza

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17140/aftnsoj-1-113 · Published 2015-07-15 · Licence: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 · © 2015 The Author(s)

Also available as PDF (figures and tables appear in the PDF).

Abstract

Consumption of dietary fat is known to influence metabolic rate and metabolic path-ways. Dietary intake of unoxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids was shown to lead to an in-creased metabolic rate. Identification of the underlying mechanism revealed that modifications of the energy metabolism are associated with modifications of membrane lipid composition leading to the membrane pacemaker theory of metabolism. Mitochondrial membranes were shown to adapt their lipids to the dietary fat composition. Dietary fat is commonly prepared by applying heat treatment to increase palatability. Heat treatment of food lipids result in the for-mation of oxidized lipids. Intake of oxidized lipids might affect energy metabolism in a differ-ent way than their corresponding unoxidized lipids. However, scientific literature of the effects of individual oxidized lipids found in heat-treated dietary fats on the energy metabolism rel-evant for metabolic syndrome, diabetes and obesity research is scarce. This review comprises current knowledge of the impact of unoxidized and oxidized lipids on the energy metabolism.

Keywords: Oxidized lipids; Energy metabolism; Membrane pacemaker theory of meta; Membrane pacemaker theory of metabolism

Conclusion

The impact of dietary unoxidized fatty acids on the energy metabolism has been under thorough investigation. However, the bioenergetic effect of oxidized lipids still needs to be elucidated in mechanistic studies. So far, there is only little evidence that oxidized lipids might exert differential effects on mitochondrial respiratory chain. A systematic approach of the impact of lipid oxidation products from differently processed dietary fats on the bioenergetic pathways would be of great importance for the general public and especially for patients suffering from metabolic disorders.

Conflicts Of Interest

The authors have nothing to disclose.

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