Acute Flank Pain, Flank Mass and Hypovolemic Shock due to Kidney Cysts Rupture: An Emblematic Case of Wunderlich Syndrome
Keywords:
Lenk’s triad, Wunderlich syndrome, Renal cysts, Retroperinoneal hematoma, Spontaneous Retroperitoneal Hematoma (SRH)Abstract
Spontaneous perinephric hemorrhage (SPH) due to kidney cysts rupture is uncommon complication but when it occurs can cause an emergency situation that may endanger the patient’s life. Wunderlich first described the condition of spontaneous, non-traumatic renal bleeding confined to the subcapsular and perirenal spaces. Herein, we report a case of Wunderlich syndrome (WS) due to spontaneous rupture of a simple kidney cyst. In our case, the spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrage (SRH) was associated to a probable giant haemorragic cyst that is uncommon since cyst rupture occurs into caliceal system rather than the perinephric space. Wunderlich syndrome after spontaneous, non-traumatic kidney cyst rupture is a rare entity. A multimodality approach is necessary to a have a definitive diagnosis in order to choose the best treatment possible for the patient.
