Pulmonary Research and Respiratory Medicine · Vol. 1, No. 1 · 2014 · pp. 1–8 · e-ISSN 2377-1658

Physiological Parameters Affecting the Modulatory Role of Airway Epithelium on Airway Smooth Muscle Responsiveness

Apostolia Hatziefthimiou, Molyvdas Paschalis-Adam, Paraskeva Efrosyni

Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 3 Panepistimiou Str, 41500 BIOPOLIS Larissa, GreeceGreece

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17140/prrmoj-1-101 · Published 2014-07-07 · Licence: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 · © 2014 The Author(s)

Also available as PDF (figures and tables appear in the PDF).

Abstract

Numerous studies have revealed the significant action of airway epithelium as a non-specific defence mechanism in airways. In addition, epithelial cells release biologically active agents, which modulate airway tone. Importantly, airway epithelium function is influenced by physiological parameters, including the release of endogenous factors, age, gender, load, and bronchi size. The primary goal of this review is to summarize knowledge concerning the effect of the aforementioned parameters on the modulatory role of airway epithelium on airway smooth muscle responsiveness. These effects may be implicated in the pathophysiology of airway diseases like asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Keywords: Airways; Epithelium; Nitric oxide

Conclusion

In conclusion, airway epithelium has a significant

modulatory role in ASM responsiveness to contractile agents.

This role depends on age, gender, bronchi size and load. Also,

55,56 endogenous released substances like hormones (insulin, sex hor-

mones), inflammatory factors (histamine) and neurotransmitters

(acetylcholine) act on airway epithelial cells, induce NO release

60-63 and limit airway contraction. These factors may contribute to

the pathophysiology of some airway diseases like asthma and

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

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