Quality Assurance of General Purpose, Keratin Based and Dye lock Hair Shampoos

Abstract

Introduction
Shampooing is a widely used method for enhancing hair beauty, focusing on the cleansing of both the hair and scalp. The shampoos of are different brands are available in local markets of Pakistan.
Objective
The study aims to investigate the compliance of locally available shampoos with the standard established by Pakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority (PSQCA). A total of 47 shampoos were evaluated for their physiochemical properties viz; pH, inorganic matter, moisture content, dirt dispersion, foam ability, foam stability and microbiological contamination. The tested shampoos encompassed keratin-based (9), dye-locked (9), and general-purpose (29) variables.
Results
The results of the quality analysis revealed that nearly all of the shampoos met the standards specified by the PSQCA. The pH values of the shampoos ranged between 4 to 8, while the percentage of inorganic matter was found to be within the permissible limit of ≤7%. Additionally, the moisture content of the shampoos did not exceed the maximum threshold of 90%. Moreover, the tested shampoos exhibited satisfactory foaming ability and stability. Notably, the samples were found free from pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella.
Conclusion
The shampoo evaluation tests should be conducted during and after production by regulatory agencies and researchers to assess the quality of different brands.