Pain and Pain Management in Veterinary Medicine: A Review

Abstract

Pain is the distress feeling, most commonly encountered in diseases, which accompanies from an early age and it is one of the
important aspects of determining the level of well-being of animals. Pain is more complex in animals and it can rather difficult
to determine the seriousness and impact of painful events. Hence, we have to identify the signs of pain in animals consistent
with indirect markers which involve behavioral, physiological, and at last clinical responses. Moreover, specifically, the behavioral
changes related to pain will be together with the overall signs also species-specific and hardly recognizable especially for an inexperienced observer seemingly unimportant which makes pain assessment even more complicated. The veterinarians have an
ethical responsibility to assist in alleviate the animal pain. Although most veterinarians accept the actual fact that animals feel pain,
still, post-operative pain relief isn't a routine practice in veterinary hospitals and clinics today the feeling and assessment of pain
are subjective. The assessment of pain and also the documentation of the effectiveness of any interventions are fundamental
principles of successful pain management. The most important aim is pain management while efforts are made to spot and treat
the underlying disease and to reinforce healing and recovery. Adequate management of acute pain may additionally prevent the
event of chronic pain.