Hazard Assessments of Cattle Fascioliasis With Special Reference to Hemato-Biochemical Biomarkers

Abstract

Aim: Fascioliasis is a well known veterinary trouble in cattle and is to date an important human
being disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional capacity of the liver based
on the activity of specific enzymes, proteins and glucose in serum and also to investigate the
influence of mechanical and toxic effects of fascioliasis on blood picture and biliary tract of
cattles.
Materials and Methods: This study was carried out between January and April 2016. Blood and
fecal samples were collected from 22 cattles with naturally acquired bovine fascioliasis and
no other disease out of 150 cattles and 10 non-infected cattles were brought to the Veterinary
Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. Blood was
drawn from all the examined animals to measure the respective levels of hematological and
biochemical parameters.
Results: Investigation of the animals infected with fascioliasis showed paleness of mucous
membranes, loss in weight, watery diarrhea, visible submandibular edema and normal rectal
temperatures. Normocytic normochromic anemia with a significant decrease (p<0.05) in red
blood cells count (RBCs), hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, percentage of packed cell volume
(PCV %) were observed in an infected cattle compared to the uninfected control. In addition,
leukocytosis, neutrophilia, eosinophilia, lymphopenia and monocytopenia were reported.
Moreover, significant changes in the biochemical parameters were recorded.
Conclusion: From this study, it could be concluded that the determination of hematological and
biochemical parameters are useful in early diagnosis and prognosis of cattle fascioliasis.