Vaccination Research · Vol. 2, No. 1 · 2017 · pp. e2–e4 · e-ISSN 2771-750X

Recent Advances in Adenovirus-Vectored Vaccines Development

Alexander N. Zakhartchouk

Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, CanadaCanada

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17140/vroj-2-e004 · Published 2017-08-17 · Licence: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 · © 2017 The Author(s)

Also available as PDF (figures and tables appear in the PDF).

Abstract

Recombinant adenovirus-vectored vaccines based on human adenovirus serotype 5 (HAdV-5) have been extensively studied both pre-clinically and in clinical trials for the past 25 years. Initially, they were considered as the most promising platform for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine development. However, HAdV-5-based vaccine did not meet expectations in a large-scale clinical trial called STEP trial.1 In that trial, the vaccine not only showed lack of efficacy, but also suggested an increased trend for HIV acquisition in individuals with pre-existing HAdV-5 neutralizing antibodies. Researches have developed vectors based on alternative serotypes of human and non-human adenoviruses in order to overcome challenges with HAd5-based vectors. To date, HAdV-35, HAdV-26 and simian adenoviruses ChAd3, ChAd63 and ChAdOx1 have been tested in several phase 1 clinical trials as candidate vaccine component against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Plasmodium falciparum, HIV, Ebola, HCV and influenza virus. These vectors were chosen because most people have little or no immunity to them, and their biological characteristics, such as utilization of primary cellular receptor and elicitation of innate cytokine responses, differ from HAdV-5.

Conclusion

In conclusion, although adenovirus-based vectors have seen their share of setbacks in recent years, they remain to be a valuable tool for vaccination against infectious diseases. Development of novel vectors based on alternative human and non-human serotypes helps to overcome challenges observed with HAdV-5-based constructs.

Competing Financial Interests

The author declares no competing financial interests.

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