HIV/AIDS Epidemic and Global Health

Authors

  • Usman Waheed Department of Pathology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • Muneeba Azmat Department of General Medicine, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • Muhammad Arshad Department of Biotechnology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • Abida Arshad Department of Biology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan AIDS has emerged as a global epidemic in an unprecedented universal involvement compelling the transformation of the general outlook towards disease and the emergence of the concept of global health. First cases of AIDS were reported in 1981
  • Hasan Abbas Zaheer Department of Pathology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17140/HARTOJ-2-118

Abstract

AIDS has emerged as a global epidemic in an unprecedented universal involvement compelling the transformation of the general outlook towards disease and the emergence of the concept of global health. First cases of AIDS were reported in 19811 and the causative agent (HIV) was recognized in 1983 by Luc Montagnier.2 Different names were given to the disease initially such as lymphadenopathy, Kaposi’s sarcoma and opportunistic infections, Gay-related immune deficiency and the 4H disease, but ultimately the name AIDS was coined in July 1982.

References

Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Pneumocystis pneumonia – Los Angeles. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. June 5, 1981; 30(21): 1-3.

Papadopulos-Eleopulos E, Turner VF, Papadimitriou J, et al. A critique of the Montagnier evidence for the HIV/AIDS hy-pothesis. Med Hypotheses. 2004; 63(4):597-601. doi: 10.1016/j. mehy.2004.03.025

UNAIDS. The Gap Report 2014. Joint United Nations Pro-gramme on HIV/AIDS, Geneva. http://www.unaids.org/sites/de-fault/files/media_asset/UNAIDS_Gap_report_en.pdf. Accessed December 3, 2015.

World Health Organization. 10 facts on HIV/AIDS. http:// www.who.int/features/factfiles/hiv/en/. Accessed November 25, 2015.

amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research. Statistics: Worldwide. http://www.amfar.org/worldwide-aids-stats/. Ac-cessed December 3, 2015.

World Health Organization. Global Health Observatory HIV/AIDS Res Treat Open J (GHO) data: Number of deaths due to HIV/AIDS. http://www. who.int/gho/hiv/epidemic_status/deaths/en/. Accessed Decem-ber 3, 2015.

The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UN-AIDS). 2013 Global Fact Sheet. http://www.unaids.org/en/re-sources/campaigns/globalreport2013/factsheet/. Accessed Feb-ruary 15, 2016.

WHO. PMTCT Strategic Vision 2010-2015: Preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV to reach the UNGASS and Millenium Development Goals. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstre am/10665/44268/1/9789241599030_eng.pdf. Accessed Febru-ary 15, 2016.

IATT on Prevention of HIV Transmission in Pregnant Wom-en, Mothers and their Children. Guidance on global scale-up of the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV: towards universal access for women, infants and young children and eliminating HIV and AIDS among children. http://www.unicef. org/aids/files/PMTCT_enWEBNov26.pdf. Accessed February 15, 2016.

Overview of HIV treatments. 2015. https://www.aids.gov/ hiv-aids-basics/just-diagnosed-with-hiv-aids/treatment-options/ overview-of-hiv-treatments/. Accessed February 15, 2016.

Singhal P, Naswa S, Marfatia YS. Pregnancy and sexu-ally transmitted viral infections. Indian J Sex Transm Dis. 2009; 30(2): 71-78. doi: 10.4103/0253-7184.62761

WHO and UNAIDS. HIV in Pregnancy; A Review. http:// www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/jc151-hiv-in pregnancy_en_1.pdf. Accessed December 3, 2015.

Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). 2014 progress report on the Global Plan towards the elimination of new HIV infections among children by 2015 and keeping their mothers alive. http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/docu-ments/JC2681_2014-Global-Plan-progress_en.pdf. Accessed December 3, 2015.

World Health Organization. Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and prevent-ing HIV infection, 2013. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstre am/10665/85321/1/9789241505727_eng.pdf. Accessed Decem-ber 3, 2015.

Jamison DT, Summers LH, Alleyne G, et al. Global health 2035: a world converging within a generation. Lancet. 2013; 382(9908):1898-1955.

Sidibe M. The sustainable development agenda and the end of AIDS. Lancet. 2015; 386(9989); 108-110. doi: 10.1016/ S0140-6736(15)61041-8

Downloads

Published

2016-02-18

How to Cite

Usman Waheed, Muneeba Azmat, Muhammad Arshad, Abida Arshad, & Hasan Abbas Zaheer. (2016). HIV/AIDS Epidemic and Global Health. HIV/AIDS/Research/and/Treatment, 2(4), 105–107. https://doi.org/10.17140/HARTOJ-2-118