Rare Localization of Lymphoma

Abstract

Objective: Primitive Thyroid Lymphomas (PTL) are rare tumors. Women in the sixth or seven-th decade of life are more commonly affected. In the present study, we report a case of primitive thyroid lymphoma and we review the epidemiology, the clinical presentation, the diagnosis, and the treatment of this rare disorder.
Case Report: A 47-year-old woman presented to our department reporting a recent-onset neck mass since 3 months. Clinical examination revealed an enlargement of the thyroid gland with a 2.5 cm-firm left nodule. Cervical ultrasound was done. The patient had a thyroidectomy as-sociated with bilateral Central Lymph Node Dissection (CLND). The diagnosis was a transformation of a Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma into an aggressive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL).
Conclusion: The most common type of primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, which behaves in a more aggressive manner than mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Treatment and prognosis of PTL depend upon the histology and stage of the tumor at diagnosis.