MRI Brain Imaging in Assessment of Pediatric Head Trauma

Abstract

Though computed tomography (CT) has been the mainstay imaging modality used in the initial evaluation of pediatric head injury,
newer magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques have proven to be more sensitive in identifying subtle findings of brain injury.
Specifically, MRI has been used in differentiating subacute and chronic brain injury, and identifying the extent of encephalopathy,
reactive gliosis, and hemorrhage related to the insult. In this literature review, we intend to present the current information about the
use and benefits of MR in evaluating pediatric head trauma.
Methods
Literature search was done from Medline and PubMed for all peer-reviewed manuscripts from January 1990 and December 2018
using several keywords. The preceding searches included pediatric head trauma, pediatric TBI, imaging in head trauma, MRI in head
trauma evaluation, and long-term effects of pediatric head trauma. After careful analysis, the most important points were chosen and
summarized in this review.
Results
MRI has greater sensitivity in the detection of most types of head injuries, in comparison to CT – except skull fractures.
Conclusions
In the setting of head trauma, MRI provides an imaging modality with a unique ability to provide additional clinical information
compared to CT examination.