Attenuated Efficacy of Dulaglutide in Elder Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Cases

Abstract

Acute increase of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious medical problem. Recently, an agent known as Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) was developed for T2DM which has remarkable efficacy and safety profile. In this article, we reported 2 T2DM cases with dulaglutide treatment, showing interesting clinical course. Case 1 is an 88-year-old man with hypertension, arteriosclerosis and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) without difficulties of Quality of Life (QOL)/Activities in Daily living (ADL) in daily life. He has been rather stable on liraglutide with HbA1c 7.2%. After switching from liraglutide to dulaglutide, HbA1c decreased to 6.7% in 2 months, but later increased to 11.3% in 3 months. C-peptide index (CPI) decreased from 2.5 to 0.8. Case 2 is an 83-year-old man and was treated by degludec with CPI 1.35. After switching to dulaglutide, HbA1c decreased to 7.6% in 2 months, but later increased to 10.3% in 2 months. These two cases revealed similar clinical course. Some possibilities might be speculated, including antibody production, differences of GLP-1 RAs from man-origin or lizard-origin, changes in body weight, a possible complication of renal, hepatic inflammatory influences and the subacute decreased ability of insulin secretion in the β cells. The current report would be useful for treatment of GLP-1 RAs in the future.