Current Perspectives for Oral Hypoglycemic Agents with Clinical Evidence of Larger Studies

Abstract

Current reports for oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) are described. As to the association of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-
4i) and bullous pemphigoid (BP), odds ratio (OR) was vildagliptin 5.08, linagliptin 2.87, sitagliptin 1.29 (not significant). Regarding
the comparative study between SGLT2i and DPP-4i, SGLT2i group showed lower hazard ratio (HR) as MACE 0.76, myocardial
infarction 0.82, cardiovascular death 0.60, heart failure 0.43, all-cause mortality 0.60. Semaglutide showed reduced OR for cardiovasculardeath than exenatide 0.47, dulaglutide 0.46, albiglutide 0.45, lixisenatide 0.43. SGLT2i showed reduction risk of HR for MACE 0.90, hospitalization for heart failure (HHF)/cardiovascular death 0.78, renal outcomes 0.62.