An Unusual Presentation of Encephalitis in a Patient with Lyme Neuroborreliosis

Abstract

Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States. With a rate of 100.14 new cases per 100,000 residents in 2021, West Virginia has one of the highest Lyme disease incidence rates in the nation. Lyme encephalitis presents a significant challenge in clinical diagnosis and management. This case report and limited literature review provides clinicians and researchers with valuable insight into clinical approaches, diagnostic tools, and available treatment strategies. Informed consent was obtained from the patient. This report and discussion highlights the importance of combining clinical, serological, and other diagnostic tools to improve the accuracy of Lyme encephalitis diagnosis.