Importance of Simultaneous Treatment of Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus: A Sequelae to the Understanding of Diabesity-A Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17140/OROJ-6-136Keywords:
Diabesity; Diettherapy; Lifestyle; Body mass index (BMI); Exercise; Metformin; Liraglutide; Bariatric surgery (BS).Abstract
Aim
With the growing epidemic of obesity in children, adolescents and adults globally, obesity has been found to be a risk factor for many
non-communicable diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, dyslipidemias and many cancers. So much so that
recently a term diabesity (Obesity and diabetes in the same patient, especially when the obesity had a causal influence on the diabetes)
got introduced. The aim of this systematic review was to study how we can tackle together so that we can take care of the mortality
caused by obesity and T2DM being responsible for more mortalities replacing malnutrition even in developing countries.
Methods
We carried out a PubMed search, along with Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE)/Cochrane library, web sciences for the Medical
Subject Headings (MeSH) Terms “obesity’’, “diabetes mellitus (DM)’’, “lifestyle including exercise’’, “diet therapy for management of
diabesity’’, pharmacotherapy including foods rich in antidiabetics like anthocyanins’’, “polyphenols’’, “walnuts’’, “monoterpenes’’ for
same including “bariatric surgery (BS)’’.
Results
We found a total of 86,283 articles pertaining to obesity and DM together of which we selected 92 articles for this review after getting
articles after searching cross references. No meta-analysis was done.
Conclusion
Till date body mass index (BMI) is used to classify overweight and obesity. With decreased muscle mass being common in these obese
patients it is important to measure the body composition. Further, one has to monitor body composition when getting the patient to
lose weight. Importantly, the criterion used for labelling obesity also varies in different geographical areas in view of different phenotype of diabetes in South Asia. Weight loss can be achieved using lifestyle interventions like diet, exercise and importance of combining natural products from food in attaining weight loss along with controlling hyperglycemia utilizing pharmacotherapies obesity and
T2DM, control. Bariatric Surgery (BS) remains the last resort for morbidly obese although it might have to be resorted in individuals
where diabetes is resistant to medical treatment and be needed for those with BMI greater than 35 kg/m2
or even less in case of
resistant diabetics. Role of diets rich in walnuts, anthrocyanins, soyabean, chickpeas, curcumin, polyphenols and other vitamins and
micronutrients including vitamin A, also needs to be considered while treating diabesity
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