Increased Epulis Gravidarum Prevalence in Women with Both Nasal and Oral Symptoms
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17140/OTLOJ-5-154Keywords:
Epulis gravidarum, Pregnancy rhinitis, Stomatitis, Gingivitis, Nasal secretion, Nasal blockage, Gum lesionAbstract
BackgroundHormonal variations during pregnancy are frequently linked with functional mucosal alterations both at oral and nasal level. Clini-cal manifestations of this mucosal involvement can be described generally as pregnancy rhinitis and pregnancy stomatitis and gingivitis. The sexual hormones produced during pregnancy have an important role in the development of rhinitis and gingivitis. Epulis gravidarum affects about 5-10% of pregnant, being defined as a hyperplastic and inflammatory lesion which origins from the buccal mucosa and mainly from gingival tissues.
Objective
To define whether the coexistence of nasal and oral symptoms should be considered as a major risk factor for the development of epulis gravidarum.
Materials and Methods
From November 2010 to January 2017, 228 pregnant women were examined during the weeks of gestation, two and four months after partum. They underwent a clinical examination at enrollment (t0), after 2 months (t1), at ninth month of gestation (t2), 2 months after childbirth (t3) and 4 month after childbirth (t4). Were also administered two anamnestic questionnaires concerning the risk factors and nasal and oral symptoms. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to the symptoms of questionnaires: Group A, including women with no nasal and oral risk; Group B, including women with nasal symptoms and no oral involvement; Group C, including pregnant women with oral symptoms and no nasal involvement; and Group D including women with both oral and nasal involvement.
Results and Conclusion
Our study reveals a statistic significative difference (p=0.01) between the frequency of epulis in pregnant women presenting only gingival symptoms (Group C) compared to those which manifest simultaneously nasal and gum symptoms (Group D). In fact, our results seem to suggest that pregnant women who present both nasal and gum symptoms have an increased risk of develop-ing epulis.
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