Clinical profile and outcome of neonates born to mothers who were infected with Covid during perinatal period – A retrospective study

Abstract

COVID-19, since its origin, has spread globally and severely affected populations worldwide. India, being the second most populated country, was significantly impacted, including pregnant women and their newborns. Notable perinatal outcomes have been reported among these neonates. This study aims to evaluate the clinical profile and perinatal outcomes of neonates born to COVID-19 positive mothers in the hilly region of Uttarakhand and to compare the findings with reports from other parts of the country and the world.

Material and Methods:
This retrospective study was conducted using data collected from the medical record department for the years 2020 and 2021. Mothers who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 within 14 days prior to or up to 2 days after delivery were included. Neonates born to these mothers were evaluated in detail. The clinical profile, including maternal risk factors, chronic illnesses, gestational age, mode of delivery, birth weight, need for resuscitation, and severity of illness, was assessed. Asymptomatic and stable babies were breastfed and allowed rooming-in with appropriate precautions.

Results:
Forty COVID-19 positive mothers were included. One baby was stillborn and one expired on day three of life. Among the neonates, 65.8% were male, 63.2% were delivered by caesarean section, 13.15% were preterm, and 36.8% were small for gestational age.

Conclusion:
Most neonates were asymptomatic. Rooming-in and breastfeeding should be encouraged with precautions. Higher caesarean and preterm birth rates were observed.