Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Fiction or Fact?

Authors

  • Nicoletta Gagliano Associate Professor, Director of the Extracellular Matrix Lab, Department of Biomedical Sci-ences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17140/POJ-1-e001

Keywords:

imaging, surgical techniques, intensive care, and chemotherapeutic ap-proaches, the current overall

Abstract

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive and lethal tumors, representing the fourth most common cause of cancer death in the Western world, with an estimated incidence of more than 40,000 cases per year in the United States. Despite continuous progress in imaging, surgical techniques, intensive care, and chemotherapeutic ap-proaches, the current overall 5-year survival is less than 6%.1,2In carcinoma progression, including PDAC, cancer cells acquire their metastatic phe-notype undergoing a complex step-wise process defined as Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transi-tion (EMT), leading to a “phenotypic switch” of epithelial cells to mesenchymal cells.

References

Vincent A, Herman J, Schulick R, Hruban RH, Goggins M. Pancreatic cancer. Lancet. 2011; 378: 607-620.

Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Hao Y, Xu J, Thun MJ. Cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 2009; 59: 225-249.

Thiery JP, Sleeman JP. Complex networks orchestrate epithelial-mesenchymal transitions. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2006; 7: 131- 142. doi: 10.1038/nrm1835

Liu Y, Brand RE, Turzhitsky V, et al. Optical markers in duodenal mucosa predict the presence of pancreatic cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2007; 13: 4392-4399. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1648

Christiansen JJ, Rajasekaran AK. Reassessing epithelial to mesenchymal transition as a prerequisite for carcinoma invasion and metastasis. Cancer Res.2006; 66: 8319-8326.

Christiansen JJ, Rajasekaran SA, Inge L, et al. N-glycosylation and microtubule integrity are involved in apical targeting of prostate-specific membrane antigen: implications for immunotherapy. Mol Cancer Ther. 2005; 4: 704-714.

Ng WK. Fine-needle aspiration cytology findings of an uncommon micropapillary variant of pure mucinous carcinoma of the breast: review of patients over an 8-year period. Cancer. 2002; 96: 280-288.

Tan DS, Potts HW, Leong AC, et al. The biological and prognostic significance of cell polarity and E-cadherin in grade I infiltrat-ing ductal carcinoma of the breast. J Pathol. 1999; 189: 20-27.

Alexander S, Koehl GE, Hirschberg M, Geissler EK, Friedl P. Dynamic imaging of cancer growth and invasion: a modified skin-fold chamber model. Histochem Cell Biol. 2008; 130: 1147-1154. doi: 10.1007/s00418-008-0529-1

Friedl P, Gilmour D. Collective cell migration in morphogenesis, regeneration and cancer. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2009; 10: 445-457. doi: 10.1038/nrm2720

Yilmaz M, Christofori G. Mechanisms of motility in metastasizing cells. Mol Cancer Res. 2010; 8: 629-642. doi: 10.1158/1541- 7786.MCR-10-0139

Wicki A, Lehembre F, Wick N, Hantusch B, Kerjaschki D, Christofori G. Tumor invasion in the absence of epithelial-mesenchy-mal transition: podoplanin-mediated remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. Cancer Cell. 2006; 9: 261-272.

Funel N, Costa F, Pettinari L et al. Ukrain affects pancreas cancer cell phenotype in vitro by targeting MMP-9 and intra/extracel-lular SPARC expression. Pancreatology. 2010; 10: 545-552.

Gagliano N, Volpari T, Clerici M et al. Pancreatic cancer cells retain epithelial-related phenotype and modify mitotic spindle microtubules after Ukrain administration in vitro. Anticancer Drugs. 2012; 23: 935-946. doi: 10.1097/CAD.0b013e32835507bc

Hirschhaeuser F, Menne H, Dittfeld C, et al. Multicellular tumor spheroids: an underestimated tool is catching up again. J Bio-technol. 2010; 148: 3-15. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.01.012

Santini MT, Rainaldi G. Three-dimensional spheroid model in tumor biology. Pathobiology. 1999; 67: 148-157.

Khaitan D, Chandna S, Arya MB, Dwarakanath BS. Establishment and characterization of multicellular spheroids from a human glioma cell line:implications for tumor therapy. J Transl Med. 2006; 4: 12. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-4-12

Durand RE, Olive PL. Resistance of tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy modulated by the three-dimensional architecture of solid tumors and spheroids. Methods Cell Biol. 2001; 64: 211-233.

Mueller-Klieser W. Three-dimensional cell cultures: from molecular mechanisms to clinical applications. Am J Physiol. 1997; 273: C1109-C1123.

Kunz-Schugart L, Knuechel R. Tumor-associated fibroblasts (Part I): active stromal participants in tumor development and pro-gression? Histol Histopathol. 2002; 17: 599-621.

Ghosh S, Spagnoli GC, Martin I, et al. Three-dimensional culture of melanoma cells profoundly affects gene expression profile: a high density oligonucleotide array study. J Cell Physiol. 2005; 204: 522-531.

Downloads

Published

2025-09-08

How to Cite

Nicoletta Gagliano. (2025). Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Fiction or Fact?. Pancreas, 1(1), e1-e4. https://doi.org/10.17140/POJ-1-e001