Body Composition: A Necessary Tool in Individuals With Disabilities?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17140/SEMOJ-2-e002Abstract
The 2016 Summer Olympics, also known as the Games of the 31st Olympiad concluded last month with the 2016 Paralympics set to begin in early September. Advancements in training techniques, clothing and footwear continue to contribute to the establishment of new records at the Summer Olympics. Likewise, advancements have been made for Paralympic athletes in both prosthetics- and wheelchairs. However, a key factor in the performance of all athletes is body composition, but the development of accurate field methods for measuring body composition for disabled athletes lags behind comparable measures for able-bodied athletes.
References
Clark BR, White ML, Royer NK, et al. Obesity and aerobic fitness among urban public school students in elementary, middle, and high school. PLoS One. 2015; 10(9): e0138175. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138175
Zanardi MC, Tagliabue A, Orcesi S, et al. Body composition and energy expenditure in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003; 57(2): 273-278. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601524
Clasey JL, Gater DR Jr. A comparison of hydrostatic weighing and air displacement plethysmography in adults with spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005; 86(11): 2106-2113. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2005.06.013
Kocina P. Body composition of spinal cord injured adults. Sports Med. 1997; 23(1): 48-60. doi: 10.2165/00007256-199723010- 00005
Mojtahedi MC, Valentine RJ, Evans EM. Body composition assessment in athletes with spinal cord injury: comparison of field methods with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Spinal Cord. 2009; 47(9): 698-704. doi: 10.1038/sc.2009.20
Bulbulian R, Johnson RE, Gruber JJ, et al. Body composition in paraplegic male athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1987; 19(3): 195-201. Web site. http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/3600232. Accessed September 5, 2016.
Maggioni M, Bertoli S, Margonato V, et al. Body composition assessment in spinal cord injury subjects. Acta Diabetol. 2003; 40(Suppl 1): S183-S186. doi: 10.1007/s00592-003-0061-7
Jones LM, Legge M, Goulding A. Healthy body mass index values often underestimate body fat in men with spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003; 84(7): 1068-1071. doi: 10.1016/S0003-9993(03)00045-5
Bauman WA, Spungen AM, Raza M, et al. Coronary artery disease: metabolic risk factors and latent disease in individuals with paraplegia. Mt Sinai J Med. 1992; 59(2): 163-168. Web site. http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/1574072. Accessed September 5, 2016.
Dallmeijer AJ, Hopman MT, van der Woude LH. Lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein profiles in active and sedentary men with tetraplegia. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1997; 78(11): 1173-1176. doi: 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90327-0
Baumgartner RN, Chumlea WC, Roche AF. Bioelectric impedance phase angle and body composition. Am J Clin Nutr. 1988; 48(1): 16-23. Web site. http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/48/1/16.long. Accessed September 5, 2016.
Chumlea WC, Baumgartner RN, Roche AF. Specific resistivity used to estimate fat-free mass from segmental body measures of bioelectric impedance. Am J Clin Nutr. 1988; 48(1): 7-15. Web site. http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/48/1/7.long. Accessed Sep-tember 5, 2016. Sport Exerc Med Open J Page e4
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All content published in Sports and Exercise Medicine (SEM) is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This license allows anyone to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt the work — including for commercial purposes — provided appropriate credit is given to the original author(s) and source.