Effectiveness of Compression Garments on Selected Physiological, Perceptual and Performance Measures While Traversing Austere Conditions at Altitude: A Pilot Study

Abstract

Background
Compression garments (CGs) have increased in popularity within recreational and competitive athlete populations.
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of CGs on physiological, performance, and perceptual measures while running on uneven terrain at higher altitude.
Methods
Nine recreationally active males participated in two trail running sessions (7 km: uphill section 3.5 km, and downhill section 3.5 km). In the first session, participants completed the 7 km trail while wearing regular athletic clothing. Seven days later, participants then completed the same 7 km trail wearing CGs. Physiological and performance measures were collected at the baseline, during the trail run, immediate post-run, and 24, 48, 72 hours after the trail run.
Results
Results showed no significant differences in time to completion (p=≥0.05). However, there were significant differences in physiological load (p=0.04), training load (p=0.01), average physiological intensity (p=0.05), and estimated caloric expenditure (p=0.02) between trials. Significant improvement in vertical jump height and peak anaerobic power in watts (p=0.04), isometric strength (p=0.03), and post-exercise pain ratings at 48 (p=0.01) and 72 (p=0.038) hours post exercise were found under the CG condition.
Conclusion
Although there were no differences in time to complete the runs in both conditions (with and without CGs), the significant differences in the physiological measures suggests that the CGs may have an ergogenic effect when participating in trail running activities at a higher altitude. Therefore, wearing CGs may increase exercise efficiency and capacity, leading to a possible increase in recovery from training and activity.