Non-Communicable Diseases: Risk Factors, Management and Prevention Strategies

Abstract

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a group of pathological diseases that are primarily caused by poor lifestyle behaviours. Currently, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the world's leading cause of disability and death. According to data from the World Health Organization, chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like diabetes, cancer, obesity, and respiratory conditions are responsible for about half of the global disease burden and about 60% of the 56.5 million deaths that occur each year.
The main risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) include age, sedentary and inactive lifestyle, alcohol and tobacco use, obesity, and poor and unhealthy food choices. One of the controllable aspects impacting the onset of non-communicable diseases is lifestyle.  Several online browsers and data collection tools, such as Research Gate, Krishikosh, and Academia were used to search articles. Primary prevention and surveillance, health promotion, management and health care are the three fundamental pillars of the prevention strategy. Thus, it is crucial to start initiatives to educate the public about the need to lead a healthy lifestyle to maintain good health and lower the prevalence of NCDs. Non-communicable diseases can be prevented or reversed with a wholesome diet, regular exercise, nutritional supplements, and adequate sleep duration and quality. Numerous studies have focused on the relationship between the prevalence of non-communicable diseases and the consumption of specific foods.