A New Hypothesis: The Immunomodulatory Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Ischemic Kidney Injury Partly through Spleen

Abstract

Ischemic Reperfusion Injury (IRI) is a major reason for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in
hospitalization patients and could continue to result in end-stage kidney fibrosis. Mesenchymal
Stromal Cells (MSCs) are regarded as a promising therapeutic method for AKI, but the potential ethical and tumorigenesis problems of MSCs limit clinical use. Recently Extracellular
Vesicles (EVs) that contained in the MSCs’ condition medium were also found having a vital
therapeutic effect in IRI induced AKI. As for the pluripotent prosperities of MSCs, MSC-EVs
contain various bioactive substances that participate in the tissue repair and the immunomodulatory effect of MSC-EVs has been regarded as a crucial role in ischemic kidney injury and repair. However, the true mechanism still unknown. Based on existed facts, we hypothesized that
the immunomodulatory effect of MSC-EVs in ischemic kidney injury partly through spleen.