Development of Yoghurt Spread from Goat Milk and its Qualitative Valorization Using Chia Seed Oil

Crossmark: check for updates

Authors

  • Sana Shahid
  • Ali A. Leghari
  • Maira Anam
  • Tayyaba Gull
  • Jahanzaib Ashraf
  • Hafsa Tahir
  • Humna Liaqat
  • Muhammad W. Iqbal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17140/aftnsoj-7-172

Keywords:

Yoghurt spread, Goat milk, Chia seed oil, Qualitative valorization, Shelf life

Abstract

Aim Present study was conducted with a theme to develop yoghurt spread from goat milk owing to its therapeutic significance and ameliorate nutritional value and quality of the finished product via supplementation of chia seed oil. Methodology Four treatments (T0, T1, T2 and T3) possessing varying concentrations of chia seed oil (0, 2, 4 and 6%) were formulated and the first was opted as control. Samples were evaluated on 0th, 10th and 20th day for physicochemical (pH, acidity, TSS, total protein, fat), microbiological (total plate count) and sensory acceptance. Results Significant changes (increasing or decreasing trends) were perceived in all physicochemical parameters as the storage span progressed however minute differences were observed among different treatments except moisture content which varied significantly among different formulations. Total microbial count also increased with increase in storage days however decreased with increase in concentration of chia seed oil. Sensorial attributes particularly product acceptability was considerably reduced at the end of storage period. Conclusion Generally, addition of chia seed oil at different concentration to yoghurt spread improves the sensory properties and overall acceptability, extends the shelf life and enhances nutrition values. Goat milk is preferable to cow milk owing to essential nutrients it provides to infants and substantial therapeutic significance.  

References

Paraskevopoulou A, Amvrosiadou S, Biliaderis C, Kiosseoglou V. Mixed whey protein isolate-egg yolk or yolk plasma heat-set gels: Rheological and volatile compounds characterisation. Food Research International. 2014; 62: 492-499. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.03.056

Paraskevopoulou A, Donsouzi S, Nikiforidis C, Kiosseoglou V. Quality characteristics of egg-reduced pound cakes following WPI and emulsifier incorporation. Food Research International. 2015; 69: 72-79. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.12.018

Wilderjans E, Luyts A, Brijs K, Delcour JA. Ingredient functionality in batter type cake making. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2013; 30(1): 6-15. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2013.01.001

Rahmati NF, Tehrani MM. Replacement of egg in cake: Effect of soy milk on quality and sensory characteristics. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation. 2015; 39(6): 574-582. doi: 10.1111/ jfpp.12263

Ratnayake WS, Geera B, Rybak DA. Effects of egg and egg replacers on yellow cake product quality. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation. 2012; 36(1): 21-29. doi: 10.1111/j.1745- 4549.2011.00547.x

Hoang HD. Evaluation of Pea Protein and Modified Pea Protein as Egg Replacers. [dissertation]. Fargo, North Dakota, USA: North Dakota State University; 2012

Arozarena I, Bertholo H, Empis J, Bunger A, Sousa I. Study of the total replacement of egg by white lupine protein, emulsifiers and xanthan gum in yellow cakes. European Food Research and Technology. 2001; 213(4-5): 312-316. doi: 10.1007/s002170100391

Hussain SA, Al-Oulabi R. Studying the possibility of preparing an egg-free or egg-less cake. International Journal of Engineering and Technology. 2009; 1(4): 324

Salem E, Ahmed H. Partial substitution of eggs by lupin flour and its protein isolates in cakes manufacturing. J Appl Sci Res. 2012; 8(7): 3717-323

Yang X, Foegeding EA. Effects of sucrose on egg white protein and whey protein isolate foams: Factors determining properties of wet and dry foams (cakes). Food Hydrocolloids. 2010; 24(2-3): 227-238. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2009.09.011

Berry TK, Yang X, Foegeding EA. Foams prepared from whey protein isolate and egg white protein: 2. Changes associated with angel food cake functionality. J Food Sci. 2009; 74(5): E269-E77. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01178.x

Lee C, Love J, Johnson L. Sensory and physical properties of cakes with bovine plasma products substituted for egg. Cereal Chemistry. 1993; 70: 18-21

Mao L, Miao S. Structuring food emulsions to improve nutrient delivery during digestion. Food Engineering Reviews. 2015; 7(4): 439-451. doi: 10.1007/s12393-015-9108-0

Ashwini A, Jyotsna R, Indrani D. Effect of hydrocolloids and emulsifiers on the rheological, microstructural and quality characteristics of eggless cake. Food Hydrocolloids. 2009; 23(3): 700-707. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2008.06.002

Goes, ESdosR, Souza MLRde, Michka JMG, et al. Fresh pasta enrichment with protein concentrate of tilapia: Nutritional and sensory characteristics. Food Sci Technol. 2016; 36(1): 76-82. doi: 10.1590/1678-457X.0020

Rahmati NF, Tehrani MM. Influence of different emulsifiers on characteristics of eggless cake containing soy milk: Modeling of physical and sensory properties by mixture experimental design. J Food Sci Technol. 2014; 51(9): 1697-1710. doi: 10.1007/ s13197-013-1253-y

Kim C, Walker C. Interactions between starches, sugars, and emulsifiers in high-ratio cake model systems. Cereal Chem. 1992; Adv Food Technol Nutr Sci Open J. 2020; 6(1): 21-28. doi: 10.17140/AFTNSOJ-6-165 69(2): 206-212

Honikel KO, Nollet L, Toldra F. Composition and calories. In: Handbook of Processed Meats and Poultry Analysis. Florida, USA: CRC Press; 2010: 195-213

Smedes F, Thomasen TK. Evaluation of the Bligh & Dyer lipid determination method. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 1996; 32(8-9): 681-688. doi: 10.1016/0025-326X(96)00079-3

Council NR. Recommended Dietary Allowances. New York, USA: National Academies Press; 1989

Wu T, Mao L. Influences of hot air drying and microwave drying on nutritional and odorous properties of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) fillets. Food Chem. 2008; 110(3): 647-653. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.02.058

Abraha B, Mahmud A, Admassu H, Habte-Tsion H-M, Xia W, Yang F. Production of biscuit from Chinese sturgeon fish fillet powder (Acipeneser sinensis): A snack food for children. Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology. 2018; 27(10): 1048-1062. doi: 10.1080/10498850.2018.1533906

Wu J, Aluko R, Corke H. Partial least-squares regression study of the effects of wheat flour composition, protein and starch quality characteristics on oil content of steamed-and-fried instant noodles. Journal of Cereal Science. 2006; 44(2): 117-126. doi: 10.1016/j.jcs.2006.05.008

Desai AS, Brennan MA, Brennan CS. Influence of semolina replacement with salmon (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) powder on the physicochemical attributes of fresh pasta. Int J Food Sci Technol. 2019; 54(5): 1497-1505. doi: 10.1111/ijfs.13842

Zhang T, Li Z, Wang Y, Xue Y, Xue C. Effects of konjac glucomannan on heat-induced changes of physicochemical and structural properties of surimi gels. Food Res Int. 2016; 83: 152- 161. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.03.007

Lin M, Tay SH, Yang H, Yang B, Li H. Development of eggless cakes suitable for lacto-vegetarians using isolated pea proteins. Food Hydrocolloids. 2017; 69: 440-449. doi: 10.1016/j. foodhyd.2017.03.014

Lorusso A, Verni M, Montemurro M, Coda R, Gobbetti M, Rizzello CG. Use of fermented quinoa flour for pasta making and evaluation of the technological and nutritional features. LWT. 2017; 78: 215-221. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.12.046

Vijaykrishnaraj M, Kumar SB, Prabhasankar P. Green mussel (Perna canaliculus) as a marine ingredient to enrich gluten free pasta: Product quality, microstructure and biofunctional evaluation. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization. 2015; 9(1): 76-85. doi: 10.1007/s11694-014-9212-5 Submit your article to this journal | https://openventio.org/submit-manuscript/ 28 Xia

Lin M, Tay SH, Yang H, Yang B, Li H. Replacement of eggs with soybean protein isolates and polysaccharides to prepare yellow cakes suitable for vegetarians. Food Chem. 2017; 229: 663-673. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.02.132

Kim HYL, Yeom HW, Lim HS, Lim ST. Replacement of shortening in yellow layer cakes by corn dextrins. Cereal Chem. 2001; 78(3): 267-271. doi: 10.1094/CCHEM.2001.78.3.267

Gómez M, Manchón L, Oliete B, Ruiz E, Caballero PA. Adequacy of wholegrain non-wheat flours for layer cake elaboration. LWT. 2010; 43(3): 507-513. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2009.09.019

Shevkani K, Singh N, Kaur A, Rana JC. Structural and functional characterization of kidney bean and field pea protein isolates: A comparative study. Food Hydrocolloids. 2015; 43: 679-689. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.07.024

Matsakidou A, Blekas G, Paraskevopoulou A. Aroma and physical characteristics of cakes prepared by replacing margarine with extra virgin olive oil. LWT. 2010; 43(6): 949-957. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2010.02.002

Shaviklo GR, Thorkelsson G, Arason S, Sveinsdottir K. Characteristics of freeze-dried fish protein isolated from saithe (Pollachius virens). J Food Sci Technol. 2012; 49(3): 309-318. doi: 10.1007/s13197-011-0285-4

Gómez M, Oliete B, Rosell CM, Pando V, Fernández E. Studies on cake quality made of wheat–chickpea flour blends. LWT. 2008; 41(9): 1701-1709. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2007.11.024

Majzoobi M, Ghiasi F, Habibi M, Hedayati S, Farahnaky A. Influence of soy protein isolate on the quality of batter and sponge cake. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation. 2014; 38(3): 1164-1170. doi: 10.1111/jfpp.12076

Wilderjans E, Pareyt B, Goesaert H, Brijs K, Delcour JA. The role of gluten in a pound cake system: A model approach based on gluten–starch blends. Food Chem. 2008; 110(4): 909-915. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.02.079

Mamat H, Hardan MOA, Hill SE. Physicochemical properties of commercial semi-sweet biscuit. Food Chem. 2010; 121(4): 1029- 1038. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.01.043

Nurul H, Boni I, Noryati I. The effect of different ratios of Dory fish to tapioca flour on the linear expansion, oil absorption, colour and hardness of fish crackers. Int Food Res J. 2009; 16: 159- 165

Martin JM, Berg JE, Hofer P, Kephart KD, Nash D, Bruckner PL. Allelic variation of polyphenol oxidase genes impacts on Chinese raw noodle color. Journal of Cereal Science. 2011; 54(3): 387-394. doi: 10.1016/j.jcs.2011.08.003

Published

2021-01-03

How to Cite

Sana Shahid, Ali A. Leghari, Maira Anam, Tayyaba Gull, Jahanzaib Ashraf, Hafsa Tahir, … Muhammad W. Iqbal. (2021). Development of Yoghurt Spread from Goat Milk and its Qualitative Valorization Using Chia Seed Oil. Advances in Food Technology and Nutrition Sciences, 7(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.17140/aftnsoj-7-172